鈑(ban)金(jin)具有(you)重(zhong)量輕(qing)、強度(du)高、導電（能夠用于）、成本低(di)、大規模量產性能好等(deng)特點，在電(dian)子電(dian)器、通(tong)訊、、醫療器械等范疇得到(dao)了廣(guang)泛(fan)運(yun)用，例如在(zai)電腦機(ji)箱、手機(ji)、MP3中，鈑(ban)金是必不可少的組成(cheng)部分。 跟著(zhu)鈑(ban)金的運(yun)用越來越廣(guang)泛(fan)，鈑(ban)金件的規劃變成(cheng)了中很重要(yao)的一(yi)環，機械工程師有必要(yao)熟練掌握鈑(ban)金件的規劃技巧(qiao)，使得(de)規劃的鈑(ban)金既滿(man)足(zu)產品(pin)的功用和外觀等(deng)要(yao)求，又(you)能使得(de)沖(chong)壓模(mo)具制造(zao)簡略、成本低。
首要用途
適合于沖(chong)壓(ya)加工的(de)鈑(ban)金(jin)材料(liao)十(shi)分多，廣泛運用于電子電器職業的(de)鈑(ban)金(jin)材料(liao)包含：
⒈ 一般(ban) SPCC SPCC是指鋼錠通過(guo)冷軋機連續軋制成要(yao)求(qiu)厚度(du)的(de)鋼板(ban)卷料或片料。SPCC外表沒(mei)有任何(he)的(de)防護，暴露在空氣中極(ji)易被(bei)氧化，特別是在濕潤的(de)環境中氧化速度(du)加速，呈現暗(an)紅色的(de)，在運用時外表(biao)要噴漆、電(dian)鍍或許(xu)其它防護。
⒉ 鍍鋅(xin)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)SECC SECC的(de)(de)底材為一般的(de)(de)冷軋鋼(gang)(gang)卷，在(zai)連續電(dian)鍍鋅(xin)產線通過脫脂、酸洗、電(dian)鍍及各種后(hou)處理制程后(hou)，即成為電(dian)鍍鋅(xin)產品。SECC不光(guang)具(ju)(ju)有(you)一般冷軋鋼(gang)(gang)片(pian)的(de)(de)機械性(xing)能及近(jin)似的(de)(de)加工性(xing)，而且具(ju)(ju)有(you)優勝的(de)(de)耐蝕性(xing)及裝飾性(xing)外(wai)觀。在(zai)電(dian)子產品、家(jia)電(dian)及家(jia)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)市場上具(ju)(ju)有(you)很大的(de)(de)競(jing)爭性(xing)及替(ti)代性(xing)。例如(ru)電(dian)腦機箱廣泛運用(yong)的(de)(de)便是(shi)SECC。
⒊ 熱浸鍍(du)鋅(xin)鋼(gang)板SGCC 熱浸鍍(du)鋅(xin)鋼(gang)卷(juan)是指將熱軋(ya)酸洗或(huo)冷軋(ya)后(hou)之半制品(pin)，通(tong)過清(qing)洗、退火，浸入溫度約460°C的溶融鋅(xin)槽中(zhong)，而使鋼(gang)片鍍(du)上鋅(xin)層，再(zai)經調(diao)質整平及(ji)化學處理(li)而成(cheng)。SGCC材料比SECC材料硬、延展性差(cha)（防止深抽(chou)規劃）、鋅(xin)層較厚(hou)、電(dian)焊性差(cha)。
⒋ 不銹鋼SUS301 Cr（鉻）的含(han)量較(jiao)SUS304低(di)，耐蝕性較(jiao)差，但通過冷加工能取得很(hen)好(hao)的拉(la)力和硬度，彈性較(jiao)好(hao)，多用(yong)于(yu)彈片彈簧(huang)以及防(fang)EMI。
⒌ 不(bu)銹鋼SUS304 運用(yong)zui廣泛的(de)不(bu)銹鋼之一，因含Ni（鎳）故比含Cr（鉻）的(de)鋼較賦有耐蝕性(xing)、耐熱性(xing)，具有十(shi)分好的(de)，無(wu)熱處理硬(ying)化現(xian)象，沒(mei)有彈性。
進程
圖(tu)紙到(dao)手后，依據翻開圖(tu)及(ji)批量(liang)的不(bu)同(tong)挑選(xuan)不(bu)同(tong)落(luo)料辦(ban)法，其間(jian)有激光，數(shu)控(kong)沖床，剪板，模具等辦(ban)法，然后依據圖(tu)紙做出相(xiang)應(ying)的翻開。數(shu)控(kong)沖床受(shou)方(fang)面(mian)的影響，關(guan)于(yu)(yu)一些異(yi)形工(gong)件(jian)和不規則孔的加工(gong)，在邊沿會呈(cheng)現較大的毛刺，要進(jin)行后期(qi)去(qu)毛刺的處理，一起對工(gong)件(jian)的精度有必定(ding)的影響；激光(guang)加工(gong)無刀具(ju)綁縛(fu)，斷面(mian)平坦，適合異(yi)形工(gong)件(jian)的加工(gong)，但關(guan)于(yu)(yu)小工(gong)件(jian)加工(gong)耗時較長。在數控和激光(guang)旁放置工(gong)作臺(tai)，利于(yu)(yu)板料(liao)放置在機器上進(jin)行加工(gong)，減少(shao)抬(tai)板的工(gong)作量。
一(yi)(yi)些能夠運用的(de)(de)邊(bian)料放置在指定的(de)(de)當地，為折(zhe)彎(wan)時試模(mo)供應(ying)材料。在工件落(luo)料后，邊(bian)角、毛刺(ci)、接點(dian)(dian)要進行(xing)必要的(de)(de)修整（打磨處(chu)(chu)理），在刀(dao)具接點(dian)(dian)處(chu)(chu)，用平(ping)銼(cuo)刀(dao)進行(xing)修整，關于(yu)毛刺(ci)較大的(de)(de)工件用打磨機進行(xing)修整，小內孔接點(dian)(dian)處(chu)(chu)用相對應(ying)的(de)(de)小銼(cuo)刀(dao)修整，以確(que)(que)保(bao)外觀(guan)的(de)(de)美麗，一(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)外形的(de)(de)修整也(ye)為折(zhe)彎(wan)時定位(wei)作出了確(que)(que)保(bao)，使(shi)折(zhe)彎(wan)時工件靠在折(zhe)彎(wan)機上方位(wei)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)，確(que)(que)保(bao)同批產品規(gui)范的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)(qi)。
在(zai)落料完畢(bi)(bi)后(hou)，進(jin)入下道工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，不同的工(gong)(gong)件依據加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的要(yao)求進(jin)入相應(ying)的工(gong)(gong)序(xu)。有(you)折(zhe)彎，壓鉚，翻邊攻絲，點(dian)焊(han)，打凸包，段(duan)差，有(you)時在(zai)折(zhe)彎一(yi)兩道后(hou)要(yao)將螺(luo)母或螺(luo)柱壓好，其間有(you)模具打凸包和段(duan)差的當地要(yao)考慮先(xian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，防(fang)止其它工(gong)(gong)序(xu)先(xian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)后(hou)會產生(sheng)干與(yu)，不能(neng)完畢(bi)(bi)需求的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)。在(zai)上蓋(gai)或下殼上有(you)卡勾時，如(ru)折(zhe)彎后(hou)不能(neng)碰焊(han)要(yao)在(zai)折(zhe)彎之前加(jia)工(gong)(gong)好。
折(zhe)彎(wan)時(shi)要(yao)首要(yao)要(yao)依據圖紙上(shang)(shang)的(de)規范，材料厚度招(zhao)認折(zhe)彎(wan)時(shi)用的(de)刀具(ju)和刀槽(cao)，防止(zhi)產品(pin)與刀具(ju)相碰撞引(yin)起變形是上(shang)(shang)模選用的(de)要(yao)害（在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)產品(pin)中，可(ke)能會用到不(bu)同(tong)類(lei)型的(de)上(shang)(shang)模），下模的(de)選用依據板(ban)材的(de)厚度來招(zhao)認。其(qi)次是招(zhao)認折(zhe)彎(wan)的(de)先后(hou)順序，折(zhe)彎(wan)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)規則(ze)是先內后(hou)外(wai)，先小后(hou)大，先特別后(hou)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)。有(you)要(yao)壓(ya)死(si)邊(bian)的(de)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)首要(yao)將工(gong)件(jian)(jian)折(zhe)彎(wan)到30°—40°，然后(hou)用整平模將工(gong)件(jian)(jian)壓(ya)死(si)。
壓鉚(liu)時，要(yao)考慮(lv)螺柱的(de)高度挑選(xuan)相同不同的(de)模具，然(ran)后對壓力(li)機的(de)壓力(li)進行調整，以(yi)確保螺柱和工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)外表平齊，防止螺柱沒(mei)壓牢或壓出超越工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)面，構(gou)成工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)作廢。
焊(han)接(jie)有(you)氬(ya)弧(hu)焊(han)，點焊(han)，，手工電弧焊(han)等(deng)，點焊(han)首要要考(kao)慮工件焊(han)接的方位(wei)(wei)，在批量出產時考(kao)慮做定位(wei)(wei)工裝(zhuang)確保點焊(han)方位(wei)(wei)精確。
為了焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)健旺(wang)，在要(yao)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)上打(da)凸點(dian)(dian)(dian)，能夠(gou)使凸點(dian)(dian)(dian)在通電(dian)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)前與(yu)平板(ban)均(jun)勻接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸，以確保各(ge)點(dian)(dian)(dian)加熱的(de)(de)(de)一起(qi)，一起(qi)也(ye)能夠(gou)招(zhao)認焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)方位， 相同的(de)(de)(de)，要(yao)進(jin)行焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)，要(yao)調好預壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻，保壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻，堅持時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻，休止時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻，確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)能夠(gou)點(dian)(dian)(dian)焊(han)健旺(wang)。點(dian)(dian)(dian)焊(han)后在工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)外表會(hui)呈現焊(han)疤，要(yao)用平磨機(ji)進(jin)行處理(li)，氬弧焊(han)首要(yao)用于兩工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)較大(da)，又(you)要(yao)銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)在一起(qi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，或許(xu)一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)邊角(jiao)處理(li)，抵達工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)外表的(de)(de)(de)平坦，光滑(hua)。氬弧焊(han)時(shi)(shi)(shi)產生的(de)(de)(de)熱量易使工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)變(bian)形，焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)后要(yao)用打(da)磨機(ji)平緩磨機(ji)進(jin)行處理(li)，特別是邊角(jiao)方面(mian)較多。
工(gong)件在折彎，壓鉚等工(gong)序完畢(bi)后要進行，不同(tong)(tong)(tong)板(ban)材外表(biao)的(de)處(chu)(chu)理(li)辦法不同(tong)(tong)(tong)，冷板(ban)加(jia)工后一(yi)般進(jin)行(xing)外表(biao)電(dian)(dian)鍍，電(dian)(dian)鍍完后不進(jin)行(xing)噴涂處(chu)(chu)理(li)，選用(yong)(yong)的(de)是進(jin)行(xing)磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)(chu)理(li)，磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)(chu)理(li)后要進(jin)行(xing)噴涂處(chu)(chu)理(li)。電(dian)(dian)鍍板(ban)類外表(biao)清洗，脫脂，然后進(jin)行(xing)噴涂。不銹(xiu)鋼板(ban)（有鏡面(mian)板(ban)，霧面(mian)板(ban)，拉絲板(ban)）是在折彎行(xing)進(jin)行(xing)能夠進(jin)行(xing)拉絲處(chu)(chu)理(li)，不用(yong)(yong)噴涂，如需噴涂要進(jin)行(xing)打毛(mao)處(chu)(chu)理(li)；鋁板(ban)一(yi)般選用(yong)(yong)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)(chu)理(li)，依據噴涂不同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)顏色挑選不同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)底色，
常(chang)用的有黑(hei)色和賦性氧化；鋁(lv)板需(xu)噴(pen)涂(tu)的進(jin)行鉻酸鹽氧化處理(li)(li)后(hou)噴(pen)涂(tu)。外表(biao)前處理(li)(li)這樣做能夠使清潔外表(biao)，明(ming)顯行進(jin)涂(tu)膜(mo)附著力(li)，能成倍行進(jin)涂(tu)膜(mo)的耐蝕(shi)力(li)。清洗的流(liu)程先清洗工件，先將工件掛在流(liu)水(shui)線(xian)上(shang)(shang)，首要通過(guo)清洗溶液(ye)中（合金去油粉），然后(hou)進(jin)入清水(shui)中，其次通過(guo)噴(pen)淋(lin)區，再通過(guo)烘(hong)干區，究(jiu)竟將工件從(cong)流(liu)水(shui)線(xian)上(shang)(shang)取下。
在(zai)(zai)外(wai)(wai)表前處(chu)理后(hou)，進入(ru)噴涂工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)要求設備后(hou)噴涂時，牙或部(bu)(bu)分導電孔(kong)需(xu)維護(hu)處(chu)理，牙孔(kong)可刺進軟膠(jiao)棒(bang)或擰入(ru)螺釘，需(xu)導電維護(hu)的要用高溫膠(jiao)帶貼上，大(da)批量的做定(ding)位(wei)工(gong)(gong)裝來定(ding)位(wei)維護(hu)，這(zhe)樣噴涂時不會(hui)噴到工(gong)(gong)件(jian)內部(bu)(bu)，在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)外(wai)(wai)外(wai)(wai)表能看(kan)到的螺母（翻(fan)邊）孔(kong)處(chu)用螺釘維護(hu)，防止噴涂后(hou)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)螺母（翻(fan)邊）孔(kong)處(chu)需(xu)求回牙。
一(yi)些批(pi)量(liang)大的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)還(huan)用到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝維護(hu)；工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)不(bu)設備噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)時(shi)，不(bu)需(xu)求噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)的(de)區(qu)域用耐(nai)高溫(wen)膠(jiao)帶和紙片擋住，一(yi)些露在(zai)(zai)外面(mian)的(de)螺(luo)(luo)母（螺(luo)(luo)柱(zhu)）孔用螺(luo)(luo)釘或耐(nai)高溫(wen)橡膠(jiao)維護(hu)。如工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)雙面(mian)噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)，用相(xiang)同辦法維護(hu)螺(luo)(luo)母（螺(luo)(luo)柱(zhu)）孔；小(xiao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)用鉛絲或曲(qu)別針等物品竄在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起后(hou)噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)；一(yi)些工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)外表(biao)要(yao)求高，在(zai)(zai)噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)前要(yao)進(jin)(jin)行刮(gua)灰處理；一(yi)些工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)接地符(fu)處用專用耐(nai)高溫(wen)貼紙維護(hu)。在(zai)(zai)進(jin)(jin)行噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)時(shi)，首要(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)掛在(zai)(zai)流水(shui)線(xian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，用氣(qi)管(guan)吹去(qu)外表(biao)的(de)粘上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)塵土。進(jin)(jin)入噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)區(qu)噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)，噴(pen)完后(hou)順著(zhu)流水(shui)線(xian)進(jin)(jin)入到(dao)烘干區(qu)，究(jiu)竟從流水(shui)線(xian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)取下噴(pen)涂(tu)(tu)好的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)。其(qi)間
還有(you)手工噴涂(tu)和主動噴涂(tu)兩類，這樣(yang)選用的工裝就不(bu)同(tong)了。
在(zai)噴涂之(zhi)后進(jin)入(ru)設(she)備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序，設(she)備(bei)前，要將(jiang)原本噴涂頂用(yong)的維護貼紙(zhi)撕去，招(zhao)認零件(jian)內螺(luo)紋孔沒(mei)有被撒進(jin)漆或粉，在(zai)整個進(jin)程中，要戴上(shang)(shang)手(shou)套，防止手(shou)上(shang)(shang)塵土(tu)附在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)上(shang)(shang)，有些工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)還要用(yong)氣槍吹潔凈。設(she)備(bei)好之(zhi)后就進(jin)入(ru)包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)環節了，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)查看后裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)的包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)袋(dai)中進(jin)行維護，一些沒(mei)有專(zhuan)(zhuan)用(yong)包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)用(yong)氣泡(pao)膜等進(jin)行包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，在(zai)包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)前先將(jiang)氣泡(pao)膜裁(cai)成能(neng)夠包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的巨細(xi)，防止一面包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)一面裁(cai)，影響加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)速度；批量(liang)大的可定做
專用紙箱(xiang)(xiang)或(huo)(huo)氣泡(pao)袋(dai)、膠墊、托盤(pan)、木箱(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)。包裝好(hao)后放入紙箱(xiang)(xiang)，然后在(zai)紙箱(xiang)(xiang)上貼上相應制(zhi)品(pin)或(huo)(huo)半制(zhi)品(pin)標簽。
的(de)(de)(de)質量除在(zai)出產(chan)制(zhi)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)嚴格(ge)(ge)(ge)要求外(wai)，便(bian)是需求獨立于出產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)質量查驗，一(yi)是按圖紙(zhi)嚴格(ge)(ge)(ge)把(ba)關規(gui)范(fan)，二是嚴格(ge)(ge)(ge)把(ba)關外(wai)觀質量，對(dui)規(gui)范(fan)不符者進行返修或作(zuo)廢處理，外(wai)觀不允許碰(peng)劃(hua)傷，噴涂(tu)后的(de)(de)(de)色差(cha)(cha)(cha)、耐蝕(shi)性、附著力等進行查驗。這樣能夠(gou)找到(dao)翻開圖差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)，制(zhi)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)不良習(xi)慣，制(zhi)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)，如數沖編程(cheng)(cheng)差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)，模具差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)等。
